Saul ruled in Israel for 42 years. His reign brought few changes in the life style of the average Israelite. Saul’s capital was his home at Gibeah; excavations there have unearthed a simple fortress residence. Saul’s military garrison included only 3,000 men. The rest of the male population served as a militia, and was called out in time of need. Thus there were little initial impact of the monarchy, except to identify Israel’s chief military leader. Even in this limited role, Saul soon demonstrated serious flaws, which led to his rejection by God.